Monday, April 1, 2013

Stem cell therapy and the need for greater governmental involvement


On 18th July 2011, Dr. Arthur Caplan, Director of the Center for Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania, reported in an article that despite the fact that the therapeutic use of stem cells outside of bone marrow transplants is not yet proven to be safe, a large number of clinics around the world are offering stem cell therapies as treatments for conditions including, but not limited to, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, heart disease, autoimmune diseases, cerebral palsy and autism. According to the article, one such clinic has claimed on the Internet that it has treated more than 800 patients for the above conditions, without stating how many of these treatments have been successful and to what extent.

Moreover, Heidi Ledford, one of the editors of Nature (the leading international weekly journal of science), reported on 28th June 2011 that the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) has been threatened by a group of lawyers representing industry clinics established in countries with relatively weak governmental medical oversight. The ISSCR is a not-for-profit organization that brings together over 3500 scientists from across the world and facilitates stem cell research. It had a website that used materials already published in the scientific community to provide correct information about the reliability of the stem cell therapies proposed by the above described clinics. It was also going to upload on this website additional information useful for potential patients, such as which of these clinics had ethics committees for the oversight of unconventional medical procedures and which of these ethics committees adhered to the rules of legal agencies like Food and Drug Administration or the European Medicines Agency. However, the ISSCR was forced to bring down this website because they did not have enough funds to fight the above lawsuits, even if they were to win in the end.

This example raises important questions: How essential is it to increase awareness about novel medical technologies amongst the common masses? Is it possible that some doctors would take unfair advantage of the lack of knowledge of their patients by offering them risky, expensive medical procedures? How 'informed' were the consents that the above mentioned 800 patients gave before they were treated with untested stem cell procedures? The very fact that the ISSCR was threatened with lawsuits by these clinics indicates that these clinics were not revealing all the information to their patients and were afraid of losing potential patients should the website go up.

According to me, the onset of medical technology (and stem cell technology in particular) does provide an opportunity for the cure of diseases that were previously thought to be incurable but it also provides an opportunity for the misuse of the lack of knowledge of the public to fill the pockets of doctors and clinics. Hence, I think it is important that this technology is allowed to grow just like any other technology in the past, but with a significant amount of involvement from the government with the prime purpose of protecting the common man from exploitation. More money needs to be spent to make sure that every medical institution that offers unconventional medical procedures to its patients does have an established ethics committee for review, and the cases approved/disapproved by this committee can be periodically evaluated by governmental agencies and appropriate action taken. The government can also provide funds to legitimate organizations such as the ISSCR which would enable them to spread more medical knowledge, thereby helping patients make better decisions. If we are to ensure that people are greatly benefited but not harmed at all from this new and powerful technology, I think the government must play an extremely active role. 

Sources: 
1. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/43760409/ns/health-health_care/#.UVnKV1HVDZs
2. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3035344/

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